California Gov. Gavin Newsom announced Thursday that he was commuting the sentences of all 548 inmates on the state’s death row, shielding the condemned population from capital punishment. The sweeping clemency move covers the largest death row population in the nation, as reported by The New York Post.

Newsom acknowledged in a letter to Californians that victims and their surviving relatives remain angry over the horrific crimes committed by the inmates. Still, the Democratic governor declared that California could not morally carry out their executions.

“But as Governor, I have concluded the state cannot morally kill them,” Newsom wrote. “We can now let these offenders die in obscurity while we forever remember and honor their victims.”

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Newsom framed his decision as a rejection of government-administered executions. “I take this action because I firmly believe that state-sanctioned killing is incompatible with California’s values, undermines the foundations of our legal system, and diminishes each of us,” he explained.

“I know we cannot execute people in our imperfect legal system and remain true to our core values, first among them justice and human decency,” Newsom added. He described the mass commutation as one of the “most difficult” decisions of his career.

The governor also recognized that the announcement would revive painful memories for the families of murder victims. He said he respected those who would strongly oppose the clemency action, including families who had endured what he called the worst possible loss.

“I hold this painful truth along with the belief that this is a righteous action,” Newsom said. His letter made clear that he was prepared to proceed despite the anger and hurt the decision could cause across California.

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Newsom said he considered excluding inmates responsible for crimes viewed as the “worst of the worst.” He ultimately rejected dividing capital cases into separate categories based on the nature of the crimes or the characteristics of the offenders.

“I have learned, however, from speaking with the victims harmed by these crimes, that each experiences their loss as the worst of the worst,” Newsom wrote. He argued that distinguishing among condemned offenders would create different classes of murder victims.

“I have concluded that attempting to distinguish among crimes and offenders for clemency would inadvertently create two classes of murder victims—those whose perpetrators deserve the death penalty and then the rest,” the governor said.

Discussions about mass clemency intensified after Tennessee’s botched execution of Christa Pike, according to The New York Times. Two doses of the potent sedative pentobarbital failed to kill Pike during the execution attempt.

The decision could shape Newsom’s national public image as he eyes a White House campaign in 2028. California has not executed an inmate since 2006, although it continues to house the country’s largest condemned population.

Newsom imposed a moratorium on executions through an executive order in 2019. Despite that moratorium, California prosecutors remain able to pursue death sentences, and more than 200 people have received such sentences since the state’s last execution, according to CalMatters.

Newsom acknowledged that California voters previously chose to preserve the death penalty. He countered that the state constitution also grants governors clemency authority for circumstances in which the application of the law cannot be reconciled with justice.

“For me, this is that moment,” Newsom wrote. Pressure for a mass commutation had already been building before the Pike execution attempt, although the California Supreme Court would have to approve commutations involving people with multiple felony convictions.

The California action could reduce the number of condemned inmates nationwide by more than one quarter. Of the 548 people on the state’s death row, 529 are men, and about 45 could face immediate execution without Newsom’s moratorium, according to the governor’s office.

The commutations could spare Richard Allen Davis, who was convicted in 1996 of kidnapping and murdering Polly Klaas, who was 12. They could also spare serial killer Charles Ng, who was convicted of 11 murders in the first degree, along with other condemned criminals.

Newsom closed his letter by accepting responsibility for the political and emotional consequences. “As Governor, I alone bear responsibility for this decision and its impact, just as I alone would bear responsibility for each execution,” he concluded.

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